fitzgbeald



J. c. FITZGERALD.

l Rotary Cultivator.

No. 60,164.l Y Patented Dec. 4, 1866.V

, NAPETEHS. IIIOTO-UYHOGRAPHER, WASHINGYON. D CY i, if

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IMPnovEMrIIT m ROTARY cULTIvAToR. 2 i

`JAMES c. FITZGERALD, `or WILLET, New YORK,`

Laim Parma No. 60,164, @zaad Beamter 4, 1866.

` sPEGIIICILIJIICJ.,I4 T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: I I i Be it known that I, JAMES C. FITZGERALD, of Willet, inthe county of Cortland, and` State of `ll'ew "York,

have invented certain new and useful improvements in Machines for Pulverizing,"Dggingfand CleaningItheI Soil; and I do hereby declare that the following is full and exact description thereoffreference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification. l 1 I Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of `my improved machine. Y yFigure 2, .a perspective view, with the main frame and one driving-wheel'mremoved. Figure 3, a diagram, showing one of the'eceentric bearings resting in Vthe. secondary.i`ra1n`e.` Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures;V i i My invention consists in resting the shaft supporting the spiral pulverizing arms iiiIeccentrie bearings con nected by a lever, whereby the gearing may be disconnected at pleasure; the whole being mounted ina secondary I frame beneath the main frame, and adjustable higher or lower by a chain or equivalent connected with the main i i frame; also, in connecting the draught with the secondary frame in such a manner that it has a tendency tohold the pulverizing arms down in Ithe ground, and furnishes a stiff connection between' the main `and secondary I frames, but still allows the desired adjustment.

As represented in the drawings, A A are the driving-wheels, mounted on ianfaxle, B;I and C Iis the main I I frame connected with said axle by iron bearings, a a. The main frame is providedwith the pole, I, for guiding the machine;I and the driving-wheels have the usual points, c c, for prodncingtraction on the ground. `Inside the driving-wheels are spur or cog-wheels, D DJ turning loosely on the axle. These corg-wl1yeels are connected with the driving-wheelsl by pawls and ratohietayiny such a manner that the parts will engage in going forward, I but disengage in going backward; the arrangement being similar to that in'common use-on liarvesters These'` cog-wheels are made open, as shown, forthe purpose of allowing such dirt as dropsupon them `from thedriving; wheels above to pass through freely.

rear. By this arrangement it will be seenr that as the frame G is adjustedhigher or lower the pinionslwill remain in geal` with thc cog-wheels, as they are concentric with the axle B. The pinions E are ,secured fast` to the shaft H of the frame G. This shaft is made square in cross-section, and over it' are slipped, by square eyes, the

pnlverizing arms I, being separated by suitable washers, 7L h, between. The eyes. 'A are cutI in such form in the several arms that when the armsar'e in place on theshaft they stand in the'spiral form indicated in iig; The

arms also stand inclined each side from a vertical line, as indicated by the red line in igJZ. The opposite` ends; i

are provided with suitable points or teeth, t' z', for tearing up the soil. The journals of the shaft Hrestin eccentric bearings or boxes,`lc 7c, situated in the arms d d. ing across the frame, in the form of a bail,` within reach of the driver. the mainframe above, simply by a chain, L, and hook, m.

AThe operation of the apparatus, as far as above described, 4will be readily understood. AsIthe machine goes forward, motion is imparted to the pulverizing arms in the direction indicated by the arrow', iig. 1. These arms being set in a spiral form, they strike into the soil in succession, one 'after another; theffurrows or paths Triade I by the teeth thus corresponding in'a degree with the successive furrows of a plough.I This actionIis far superior` `to that which would be produced if the arms were set in rows, and besides, the draught is lesscnedIina great degree.

By this means it will, be seen that a' comparatively small number .of arms will answerthe purpose of many set` n in any other way. In addition to the above, the setting of the arms iu the inclined position before described causes each tooth to strike in a new path from its fellow, thus securing themaximum eieet in tinttin'g the soil.

By the employment of the secondary frameI not only furnish a convenient attachmelit and coniicction for fthe pulverizer, but I enable the latter to be'adjusted higher or lower at pleasure, to suit the different condition of the soil. This is accomplished by simply hooking the chain L higher or lower in the hook 'm--a vefyconvenientY I arrangement for the purpose. The employment of the eccentric bearings c,`in which the j'ournhlsof pulverizer shaft rest, and the lever K, connecting them, enable me at any time to throw the pulverizer `out of gear This isof much importance in going into the eld and in transportation,

by a simple movement of the hand.

and also in'passing obstructions, when lthe rapid motion of the arms Awould causo breakage. Thiscombined l arrangement'of the secondary'frame,'concentric with the InanIz txle,I and Vadjustable higher or lower, with the pulverizer shaft, resting in "the eccentric bearings, and capable of being thrown out of gear by a movement of With ,the cog-wheels gearspurpinions, E E, on a secondary frame, Gr. This frame is made up of curved arms, d d, `jointed to the axle B, and connected by a cross-bar, f, at the- These bearings `are connected by a lever, K, extend-I i The secondary frame is connectedwith i Y substantially as and for the purpose specified.

@a fw the lever, and withl the arms themselves set inthe spiral and inclined manner described, presents features never before known inany similar machine, to the best of my knowledge. In addition to simplyspulverizingand digging the earth, my machine, by the peculiar action of the arms I I, and the teeth upon its finds, will throw lup all weeds and stalks upon the surface, free of dirt, where they soon die; and in this manneroit acts as a. thorough cleaner of the soil. To the ,arms d, of ,the secondary frame, a little back of its connecti\on rwith the :axle B, are secured chains, M M, connecting vat theopposite ends with arms N N, pivoted at n, tothe main frame, and having stops, o, which gauge the extent of their movement forward, as will presently bc described. With these arms is also connected, in front, a double-tree, O, by links,p p, or equivalent, to which double-tree the while-trees ae attached in the usual manner. -Bythis arrangement it will be seen that the draught through theehains M M will be applied to the secondary frame G, a little back and downward of its connection with the main axle; and therefore the tendency will be to draw the pulverizing arms downward into the earth and keep them there. This action will tighten the chain Ii in the rear, and furnish a stiff connection throughout the `machine, as effective as if the whole were rigidly connected. At 1the same time, 'if undue power is appliedL the gauge arms N N will strike the stops o o, as indicated by the red lines in iig. 1, and draught will then apply on the main frame C. This enables mel to graduate the power exactly as desired. i

What I claim as my invention, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is` Y The arrangement of the spirally and inclined armed pulverizer H, resting in the eccentric bearings c, when said parts are combined with a vertically adjustable frame, Gr, suspended from the main frame and concentric with the axle, as set forth. l i' I I also claim, in combination with the frames G and C, the draught chains M, and the gauge arms N, operating In witness whereof I have hereunto signed .my name in the presence o f two subscribing witnesses.

J. c. FITZGERALD. Witnesses:

R. F. OsGooD, J A. DAVIs. 

